{"id":11973,"date":"2013-01-14T14:04:14","date_gmt":"2013-01-14T07:04:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/banbientan.com\/?p=11973"},"modified":"2013-01-14T14:04:14","modified_gmt":"2013-01-14T07:04:14","slug":"gioi-thieu-ve-cac-tieu-chuan-toan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/?p=11973","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n \u00e1p an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y.<\/span>
\n\"\"<\/a>
\nD\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o.
\nTrong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a<\/a><\/strong> c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3.
\n\u1ee6y ban qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n\u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IEC) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr>
\nT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng (m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd).<\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr>
\nNhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ISO\/IEC.
\nC\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\nM\u1ed9t t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tham gia v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.
\nC\u00f3 ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: Lo\u1ea1i A<\/strong><\/span>, B<\/strong><\/span>,<\/span> v\u00e0 C<\/strong><\/span>.
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p A<\/strong><\/span> quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Chung (ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 12100) ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 R\u1ee7i ro (ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14121).
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p B<\/strong><\/span> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 61496 – Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 13849).
\nC\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n theo chi\u1ec1u Ngang b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p C<\/strong><\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n D\u1ecdc v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng m\u00e1y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\nchu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.
\n\u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Quy t\u1eafc Ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y (Machinery Directive) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. Ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n. Ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y quy tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n cho nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span>
\nCh\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t: An to\u00e0n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.
\nTr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Quy t\u1eafc Ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (EHSRs). Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n EN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo EHSRs, v\u00e0 khi m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u CE in tr\u00ean th\u00e2n m\u00e1y.<\/span>
\n 
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3\u00a0\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p (OSHA). OSHA quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/strong>.
\nC\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a OSHA v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: 1910 m\u1ee5c O, M\u1ee5c 1910.211 \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ee5c 1910.219.<\/wbr><\/wbr>
\nDo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a OSHA r\u1ea5t chung chung, Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (ANSI) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00eau tr\u00ean.
\nBi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a OSHA v\u00e0 ANSI.
\n 
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y.
\nB\u1ed9 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e0nh cho C\u00e1c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi M\u00e1y m\u00f3c r\u1eb1ng: vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 12100.
\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ngay t\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JIS ban h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n lo\u1ea1i A, B v\u00e0 C.
\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin trong Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o cho Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y.
\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\nTrung Qu\u1ed1c:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c (GB: Guojia Biaozhun) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gi\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC.
\nH\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c: <\/strong>chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c (KS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IEC v\u00e0 ISO.<\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr>
\nAustralia:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y c\u1ee7a Australia (AS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO, c\u00e1c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Australia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC.<\/wbr><\/wbr><\/wbr>
\nH\u00e3y k\u00edch chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0o \u0110\u00c2Y <\/strong><\/a>\u0111\u1ec3 xem so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n \u00e1p an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o. Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11974,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11198],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-11-an-toan-cong-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11973"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11973\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hunglong.banbientan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}